The Future of Energy in the UK Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

The Future of Energy in the UK - Essay Example It is obviously obvious from the conversation that outline of the â€Å"Wicked problem† involved in the subject of the vitality emergency and fears as for vitality the executives from the flexibly and request ideas in the market. Partners including the legislature through its elements, for example, OFGEM and the Department of Energy and Climate change among other Community Energy Strategy facilitators are largely captivating as needs be in the wake of the feelings of dread of the maturing vitality foundation and help. The current vitality armada whose ability to adjust to the vitality prerequisites, atmosphere changes and natural insurance guidelines is blurring, prompting their looking out from administration. Clearly, in conceptualizing the circumstance over the span of its whole present express, the events, for example, the taking off of the household power charges just as the a huge number of individuals living in fuel destitution are the impression of the â€Å"Wicked pr oblem†. Further, late uprisings consolidating protestors anchoring themselves with regards to the indigenous wellsprings of fuel, especially since the disclosure of the North Sea Oils mirrors the spread of the vitality emergency fears. The intermittent and tireless admonition of intensity power outage expected to persevere in the following three to five years from top government vitality authorities and related partners, for example, vitality organization the executives mirrors the circumstance at which the UK winds up with respect to the issue of the vitality emergency. The proof of the current maturing armada of intensity stations, which in actuality have the harming notoriety concerning natural amicability notwithstanding pivotal foundation maturing, all present the help for the course to start elective vitality sources, as OFGEM proposes in its crusade. This requires the course of the development procedure. The vitality division in the UK is encountering a tough errand, ha ving confronted a mix of critical issues since the beginning of the emergency during the 1970s. The foundation of the splendid skyline for the sake of North Sea oil and gas denoted a chance of a vitality part whose organization and advancement would make sure about the vitality fears in the nation. Nonetheless, the acknowledgment followed in like manner that there is a need to make another measure for interceding for the situation.

Cancer is Considered as the Manifestation Samples for Students

Disease is considered as the appearance of an interminable stressor that bothers the personal satisfaction of the people in question. The finding with bosom disease unfavorably impacts various elements of life, including the physical, mental, profound, and social measurements, provoking long haul impacts on the personal satisfaction. This infection analysis every now and again is joined by trouble and upsetting considerations which can prompt passionate and mental dangers. Adapting to bosom malignant growth has been portrayed as being genuinely and sincerely testing. A lady like Mary needs to adapt to every one of these intricacies and needs to change with her new life changing occasion. Passionate reactions appear to rule different parts of life. Diverse enthusiastic reactions can be activated by the malignant growth conclusion. In this conditions, a lady is probably going to suffer stuns and skepticism as the essential enthusiastic reactions, in this way with a period of enduring considered as amassed consequence of misery, nervousness, and outrage (Morse, Pooler, Vann-Ward, Maddox, Olausson Roche-Dean and Martz, 2014). It is typical for bosom malignant growth casualties to build up a feeling of blame that their families need to encounter so much upsets. Like Mary, any mother may get startled for the eventual fate of her children and might get more sincerely influenced than other bosom disease patients. For a situation like Mary’s, the newborn children are absolutely trustworthy on their mom. After the malady conclusion, a lady will most likely be unable to give ideal consideration to her youngsters which can cause passionate pressure. A lady may likewise su ffer ingenuity sentiments of sadness, absence of enthusiasm, over-cognizance about the self-perception, self-hatred and disappointment. The passionate reactions are viewed as inconvenient to the patient's wellbeing however they are really run of the mill in relationship to harm diagnosis (Tamagawa, et al., 2013). This enthusiastic condition of trouble about malignant growth determination and the life changing occasions it brings may really assist patients with coping. Intellectual reactions are related with mental injury because of malignant growth analysis. As portrayed by Wang, et al. (2014), patient's psychological reactions towards her distressing circumstance typically grasp tenacious vulnerabilities, disarray, negative emotions and harming standpoint, amnesia, trouble absentmindedness and subjective languor. Psychological responsesâ also oftentimes comprise of mental tremor, subjective hindrances, disavowal about the truth, rest unsettling influence, low confidence, inadequacy, reexamination about existence and stresses over mortality and so on. Subjective reactions of a patient after the sickness conclusion have been seen as related with uneasiness and changes such that higher the tricky degree of danger, the second rate the degree of wellbeing result and higher the degree of pain. A profoundly discouraging psyche arrangement after the ailment determination can prompt psychological weaknesses. Subjective impedance is the primary driver of denied mental working, scholarly inadequacies, and changes in personality (Janelsins, Kesler, Ahles, and Morrow, 2014). Changes in conduct reactions may happen after malady analysis. Social reactions unequivocally rely upon modification in mind-set, loss of vitality, and insight. It is an overwhelming and life changing condition for any lady to adapt to bosom malignancy analysis which straightforwardly impacts conduct responses (Berman, et al., 2014). Weariness is bit by bit perceived as one of the most stressing delayed consequences of infection finding which brings monstrous conduct changes. The patients will in general gripe about weakness, sadness, rest decrease, peevishness, and loss of enthusiasm for any work (Galiano-Castillo, et al., 2014). As determined by Berman, et al. (2014), patients are likewise bound to show hostility, outrage, uncontrolled conduct, alarm assaults and substance misuse. Self-destructive mentalities are the most stressing conduct reactions among bosom disease patients. A few ladies additionally show expanded utilization of liquor to adapt to the sicknesses. The social c hanges are firmly existed during the underlying months of the disease determination yet for the most part, diminishes after some time as the patients get acclimated with the essential stun of harm conclusion. Malignant growth finding forces a few hazard factors on the people in question. It is a profoundly horrendous condition for any lady yet the circumstance turns out to be more regrettable on account of a mother like Mary with two newborn children. Beginning period bosom disease can be treated by mastectomy and lumpectomy followed by radiation treatment. These bosom saving medical procedures can keep a mother from breastfeeding which unfavorably impacts both the mother and her babies (Leal, Stuart, and Carvalho, 2013). The normal hazard elements of mastectomy are the contamination of the careful site, dying, pounding torment, lymphedema, deadness, and improvement of hardened imprints at the careful spot. Lumpectomy brings the conceivable symptoms like bosom delicacy, torment, dying, improvement of firm stamps at careful spot and adjustment fit as a fiddle of the rewarded bosom (Rakhra, et al., 2016). Hazard variables of radiation treatments incorporate weakness, dermatological issues , irritation of areola and bosom and so on. On account of a lactating lady like Mary, an immense contrast in milk creation of the lighted bosom can happen. Intrusive bosom medical procedures like mastectomy and lumpectomy ruin the bosom tissues which intrudes on the ordinary waste of bosom milk (Leal, Stuart, and Carvalho, 2013). Taking proper defensive measures after sickness conclusion is crucial for these ladies. Hearing a second point of view from another oncologist pretty much all accessible treatment alternatives is significant. A second feeling not just builds a patient's independence that she is getting the correct malignant growth the board yet additionally lessens the opportunity of misdiagnosis. Backing from the relatives assumes a key job in the psychological strength of bosom malignancy patients. Talking with an analyst can improve patient's personal satisfaction (Colby and Shifren, 2013). Getting legitimate nourishment and mellow exercise is basic. These patients must be limited from liquor utilization, smoking and inordinate admission of refreshments containing caffeine. Being determined to have bosom malignancy is a transformative encounter for any lady. Exceptional consideration from the relatives can have an enormous effect on patient’s state of mind and improve her view towards life. Negative enthusiastic, conduct reactions and intellectual debilitation can agitate the personal satisfaction. Counseling a psychotherapist is highlyâ considered suggested for bosom malignant growth patients particularly for ladies with babies. Emotional well-being experts can show the patients and their families different critical thinking approaches in a strong situation. Ladies with bosom disease additionally need passionate help from the general public other than their families. Enthusiastic help and compassion can be remedial for ladies experiencing bosom malignancy. Berman, M. G., Askren, M. K., Jung, M., Therrien, B., Peltier, S., Noll, D. C., and Cimprich, B. (2014). Pre-treatment stress and neurocognitive reactions in ladies with this malady. Wellbeing brain research, 222. Colby, D. An., and Shifren, K. (2013). Positive thinking, psychological well-being, and personal satisfaction: an investigation among casualties. Brain science, wellbeing and medication, 18(1), 10-20. Galiano-Castillo, N., Ariza-Garcã ­a, A., Cantarero-Villanueva, I., Fernã ¡ndez-Lao, C., Dã ­az-Rodrã ­guez, L., and Arroyo-Morales, M. (2014). Discouraged state of mind in this ailment survivors: relationship with physical movement, malignant growth related weariness, personal satisfaction, and wellness level. European Journal of Oncology Nursing, 18(2), 206-210. Janelsins, M. C., Kesler, S. R., Ahles, T. An., and Morrow, G. R. (2014). Prevalence,â thought about instruments, and the executives of disease related psychological impedance. Global Review of Psychiatry, 26(1), 102-113. Leal, S. C., Stuart, S. R., and Carvalho, H. D. (2013). Bosom illumination and lactation: an audit. Master survey of anticancer treatment, 13(2), 159-164. Morse, J. M., Pooler, C., Vann-Ward, T., Maddox, L. J., Olausson, J. M., Roche-Dean, M., and Martz, K. (2014). Anticipating conclusion of this malady: techniques of suffering for saving self. Oncology Nursing Forum, 41, 350-359. Rakhra, S., Bethke, K., Strauss, J., Hayes, J. P., Hansen, N., Khan, S. An., and Donnelly, E. D. (2016). Hazard Factors Leading to Complications in Early-Stage This infection Following Breast-Conserving Surgery and Intraoperative Radiotherapy. Records of Surgical Oncology, 1-4. Tamagawa, R., Giese?Davis, J., Speca, M., Doll, R., Stephen, J., and Carlson, L. E. (2013). Quality care, restraint, concealment, and self?reported state of mind and stress side effects among ladies with this ailment. Diary of clinical brain research, 69(3), 264-277. Wang, Y., Yi, J., He, J., Chen, G., Li, L., Yang, Y., and Zhu, X. (2014). Psychological feeling guideline techniques as indicators of burdensome manifestations in ladies recently determined to have this ailment. Psycho?Oncology, 23(1), 93-99.

The Roman People Were A Overly Proud And Highly Religious People, Whos

The Roman individuals were an excessively glad and exceptionally strict individuals, whose feeling of way of life as romans came fundamentally from their achievements in war and their regard of their predecessors. By looking at Livy's The Early History of Rome, we can distinguish these characteristics through roman examples of conduct and the establishment legends that their country is based upon. The romans more than once show an overdeveloped individual feeling of pride, yet an extraordinary pride in their country - outweighing even family reliability. The main case of this Roman pride is found in the absolute first establishment fantasy of Rome, the story of Romulus and Remus. The second of the two variants of this story tells how after the protection have demonstrated Romulus as the legitimate pioneer of this new country, Remus, by method of sneering at his sibling, bounced over the half-constructed dividers of the new settlement, whereupon Romulus killed him in an attack of fierceness, including the danger, ?So die whoever else will overleap my fortifications( P.40 Livy) .' Not just do we see a foretelling of Rome's brutal nature in this story, yet it appears to show a solid faith in the predominance of this ( scarcely existant ) country, one that requires a national pride of more noteworthy extent than the even the quality of the reliability between siblings. This sort of dependability to nation, as showed by the Rome's organizer, unquestionably sets a precendent for later roman residents. As anyone might expect at that point, we see this equivalent sort of pride with comparative outcomes later on following a fight among Rome and the Albans. The triumph had been chosen, not by a full scale war, however by a challenge between three men from every nation ( two arrangements of three siblings ). This challenge left Rome triumphant and five individuals dead - just a single roman sibling stood living. The victor came back to rome conveying the ?triple riches' and,slung across [ his ] shoulders was a shroud, and [ his sister ] remembered it as the shroud she had made with her own hand for her sweetheart. The sight conquered her : she relaxed her hair and, in a voice gagged with tears, called her dead sweethearts name. That his sister should set out to lament at the exact second of his own triumph and amidst national cheering filled horatius with such wild fury that he drew his blade and cut her to the heart( Livy 62). Again we see rage used to portray this correspondingly extraordinary presentation of outrageous national pride. Back in the establishment fantasy of Romulus and Remus, we see another part of Roman pride. There is some sign that, In Livy's time, there was some doubt that Greek infulence in Rome was negative to Roman culture. Livy appears to underscore the nonappearance of any sort of formal tutoring ( which would have been greek ) in the puberty of both Romulus and Remus ( P.38 Livy ) The possibility that Romulus specifically, was an independent man, shows that Rome owes nothing to past and different countries like Greece thus the pride of such an extraordinary country is all theirs. There is a lot of proof that Rome was consistently a profoundly strict country. From even as ahead of schedule as the establishing of the country we see their dependance on divinations of the divine beings to settle on significant choices - in particular the decision among Romulus and Remus as their pioneer. As the siblings were twins and all inquiry of rank was in this manner blocked, they resolved to solicit the tutelary divine beings from the field to proclaim by soothsaying which of them ought to oversee the new town once it was established, and give his name to it ( p.40 Livy ). More than any one other part of Roman conduct, I feel that acknowledgment and regard of the methods of their precursors as the methods of ?True' Romans was the most essential source from which Romans characterized there personality. This regard originated from oral custom and early students of history works that have not made due to us, yet which Livy owes his insight. From the regard of incredible deeds that made their social history so worth of pride, came their propensities for

Fragile X Syndrome Case Study Health And Social Care Essay

Delicate X Syndrome Case Study Health And Social Care Essay From seven years of age, Michaels discourse was still rather mixed up, he talked rapidly and faintly and didnt look. Just up until the most recent few years his discourse has improved and is much more clear, despite the fact that he despite everything will in general perseverate and stall out regarding a matter and rehash something very similar again and again. Michael has a sister 2 years more seasoned and in 1992 they were both alluded to the hereditary qualities facility in the Royal Childrens Hospital by our pediatrician as the two of them gave noteworthy formative postponements and the specialist speculated some hereditary condition might be at the foundation of the issue. Tests were performed, even a X-beam on Michaels head as they noted he had rather dysmorphic highlights, yet nothing demonstrated positive and there was no known purpose behind their issues. ______________________________________________________________________________The quiet introduced in the above contextual analysis is an exemplary instance of Fragile X-Syndrome, the most incessant reason for acquired mental hindrance. Patients giving this disorder are influenced in different aspects of working, including astuteness, feeling, conduct, and physical qualities. The reason for the condition includes the development of a solitary trinucleotide quality arrangement on the X chromosome. Different scatters that are put in this classification incorporate Huntingtons Disease, Kennedy Disease, Dentatorubralpallidoluysian decay, and Friedrichs ataxia. This subsequently brings about the inability to communicate a protein that is required for ordinary neural turn of events, and coded by the FMR1 quality. Since it is a X-connected turmoil, cases are found in all transporter guys and in 35% of bearer females. Due to the unobtrusive idea of indications of the condition and trouble in conclusion, all kids with mental hindrance ought to be tried for Fragile X disorder and relatives are encouraged to experience hereditary directing so as to diminish the repeat of Fragile X in the family. Etiology The variation from the norm of the chromosome introduced in Fragile X condition is found on the Xq27.3 site and ordinarily utilized as a symptomatic marker for the disorder [1]. Much of the time, the extension of the single trinucleotide quality arrangement incorporates 50 to 200 CGG rehashes at the site and these rehashes are passed down from age to age [1]. In examination, the number Mathew 2 of rehashes in a typical individual is somewhere in the range of 6 and 50. Because of the expanding extension of the trinucleotide quality succession, there is methylation of the DNA which thusly quiets the FMR1 protein [3]. FMRP assumes significant jobs in learning and memory, and furthermore seems, by all accounts, to be associated with advancement of axons, arrangement of neurotransmitters, and the wiring and improvement of neural circuits. Analysis Since there is no clinical indicative rules, scoring frameworks have been created to choose people for Fragile X Syndrome [4]. It can likewise be analyzed utilizing atomic hereditary qualities testing of the FMR1 quality. One strategy for analysis depends on chromosomal examination to introduce the chromosome under unique folic corrosive lacking society conditions [3]. There are two unique sorts of atomic DNA tests. The screening tests are polymerase chain response based. Furthermore, they should be affirmed utilizing Southern smear hybridization [5]. It is essential to analyze influenced patients as right on time as conceivable to give early intercession and strong consideration (i.e., explicit formative treatment and individualized instruction plan) and to educate guardians for additional family arranging [4]. One portion of families in a 2002 study detailed having an extra youngster with delicate X disorder before the more seasoned influenced kid was analyzed [4]. Family ancestry assortment ought to incorporate inquiries regarding other relatives, with specific consideration regarding formative deferral, mental hindrance, and mental issue [4]. Also, a family ancestry of ladies with untimely ovarian disappointment and men with FXTAS ought to be found out. A positive family ancestry in a proband with formative postponement should incite thought of hereditary testing of the FMR1 quality [4]. The American College of Medical Genetics suggests testing, paying little mind to family ancestry, for all guys and females with mental impedi ment of obscure etiology [4]. Treatment/Treatment Treatment is strong, requiring a multidisciplinary group and including nervousness decreasing measures, conduct alteration, and drugs to oversee related mental issue. Singular training plans are important for young youngsters [2]. Albeit a few Mathew 3 prescriptions have been proposed to treat delicate X condition, none of them are upheld by ]good proof [2]. While there is no present solution for the disorder, there is trust that further comprehension of its basic causes would prompt new treatments. At present, the disorder can be treated through conduct treatment, specialized curriculum, and when fundamental, treatment of physical irregularities [2]. People with the delicate X disorder in their family ancestries are encouraged to look for hereditary directing, to survey the probability of having kids who are influenced, and how serious any hindrances might be in influenced relatives [2]. The Fragile X condition been the subject of various examinations, and late examinations have tended to the topic of whether this issue is managable to either pre-birth analysis or to treatment with folic corrosive [3]. In a past report, the impact of oral folic corrosive treatment (10 mg/day) in a visually impaired investigation of 14-year-old monozygous twins with the delicate X condition was analyzed [3]. They wrote about eight patients with maniacal like indications. Seven were improved by treatment with I M 5-formyltetrahydrofolate (folinic corrosive) at dosages of 0.5 mg/kg body weight for a time of half a month [3]. Three patients had a practically all out recuperation from insane like side effects [3]. One 14-year-old kid who was seriously hypotonic and unengaged in his condition got responsive and ready to sit and creep following 2 months of treatment with folic corrosive in portions of 1 mg/kg day [3]. Harpey additionally announced some accomplishment with treatment with int ramuscular folinic corrosive and hydroxocobalamin by mouth [3]. In an ongoing report, a male hatchling was analyzed as having delicate X and the mother was begun a system of folic corrosive 2 mg/day [3]. After conveyance, the child was treated with 1 mg/day of folic corrosive. On assessment at about a month and a half old enough, the child was depicted as having a dolicocephalic head, long ears, a leveled malar region, developed testicles, and a high recurrence of delicate X chromosomes (20/60 cells). Two investigations endeavored controlled preliminaries of folate in the delicate X disorder, and one of these has been accounted for in some detail [3]. Earthy colored directed a twofold visually impaired hybrid examination where two siblings with the delicate X disorder were treated with either intravenous folic corrosive (1.6 mg/kg day by day as a solitary portion) or saline fake treatment for 8 days [3]. Following the controlled preliminary, the siblings were kept up on 10 mg/day of oral folic corrosive for 3 weeks. More than about a month and a half, the portion was expanded to 500 mg/day for the more youthful sibling and 1,000 mg/day for the more established sibling, and afterward both Mathew 4 siblings were kept up on 1,000 mg/day from multi month to 5 months after the beginning of the examination [3]. Since this issue is a typical reason for familial mental impediment, and as a result of the in vitro impact of folate in diminishing articulation of the delicate site, one might be enticed to endeavor folate treatment in these patients. Be that as it may, two examinations to date have neglected to show any anomaly of folate digestion in refined cells from patients with the delicate X condition [5]. Accordingly, we encourage proceeded with alert in the desire for advantageous outcomes and inform against routine use regarding folate treatment in patients with built up mental impediment and the delicate X disorder [5]. Since there is no remedy for Fragile X disorder, the expectation is that future examinations concerning the basic causes that will additionally prompt new treatments.

IAP, and trivia answers

IAP, and trivia answers Tomorrow is the beginning of MITs Independent Activities Period (IAP)! IAP is one of the most fun times of the year. It is a time where students have lots of freedom and unique opportunities. Some students will do an externship, some will learn a language, some will do research, some will build a Stirling Engine, among the many options. A couple IAP events tomorrow catch my eye. They are: The History of the Universe in One Hour With a cosmic flight simulator, well take a scenic journey through space and time. After exploring our local Galactic neighborhood, well travel 13.7 billion years back to explore the Big Bang itself and how state-of-the-art measurements are transforming our understanding of our cosmic origin and ultimate fate. If you have questions about dark matter, dark energy, black holes, parallel universes or other things cosmological, this will be a great opportunity to ask them! HIV/AIDS in Africa: An Open Dialog About the Needs in Developing African Nations and the Role of MIT Students The resources needed to adequately respond to the health issues in Africa range from financial assistance and personnel to IT infrastructure and training. We would like to conduct one or a series of on campus seminars during IAP presenting the health and human rights issues as they stand now in Africa, what is being done to change them and what role students (in particular MIT students) can play. We would hope this would be more of a dialogue than a lecture with students taking an active part in the discussion. Ill try to note some of the more interesting events as IAP progresses. Also, I asked in a recent entry two trivia questions about early action. Here are the answers: 1. In order, what were the five most popular home states for admitted students? CaliforniaMassachusettsNew YorkTexasFlorida 2. What was the most popular male name and the most popular female name of students admitted early? Daniel (9)Stephanie (6) Happy IAP!

Tortured Knights Eliot, Byron, and Browning - Literature Essay Samples

Though they come from the shores of different eras and the minds of different authors, the protagonists of Byron’s â€Å"Childe Harold’s Pilgrimage,† Browning’s â€Å"Childe Roland to the Dark Tower Came,† and T.S. Eliot’s â€Å"The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock† are all knights in their own way. One can go even further: they are, basically, all the very same man. Childe Harold and the Byron narrator, Childe Roland, and J. Alfred Prufrock are all tortured men on a kind of a search; they are each of them haunted by thoughts of their past. Their goals overlap and blend with one another; each man finds himself hopeless, facing his own doubt, and he seeks a relief that he doesn’t believe in. And though their methods are admittedly different, each one of them ultimately self-destructs. Within the context of their respective eras, each hero ends up at a tragic dead-end; these poems capture the moments before they attain it, cau ght up in small seconds that reach towards an ending. â€Å"In a minute there is time,† says Prufrock, â€Å"For decisions and revisions which a minute will reverse† (47-8). His â€Å"love song† spans the minutes he’s too scared to undo. Childe Harold wanders sadly forth and keeps no track of time; and Childe Roland is left standing, remembering his past, paralyzed in â€Å"one moment [that] knelled the woe of years† (198). These men summarize their destinies in matters of mere moments, and go on to fulfill them. If their struggles and answers seem to meld as one, it is perhaps because the authors who created them each strove in his own time to overcome the same issues—issues of worry, of doubt, of fleeting success and lasting regret—looking back at the works come before them and then finding release in a fictional knight on an actual quest. When Childe Harold begins his quest he is already jaded, having spent his days overin dulging in pleasures that have grown stale. The opportunity to live in unbounded hedonism might initially appear a blessing, but to Harold it has become a malediction. His well-fed appetite becomes â€Å"worse than adversity,†Ã¢â‚¬â€perhaps because it eventually leads him to seek adversity as others would enjoyment, and adversity’s possibilities become therefore limitless (Canto I, 33). The repetition of the â€Å"er† vowel sound, first in worse and then in adversity, subtly links the two words together—so that when the reader reads â€Å"adversity,† he or she hears a faint echo of â€Å"worse† still resounding. Besides being euphonious, this effect underscores the impact of â€Å"worse† since it’s almost as if we are hearing it twice—and the word’s carrying power in this stanza suggests, in its own way, the effect that this pleasure-driven â€Å"adversity† will have on Harold’s life. It is wor se than conventional oppression because like â€Å"worse,† it extends its grasp to reoccur without limit. â€Å"With pleasure drugg’d,† Harold actively seeks its opposite; he â€Å"almost long’d for woe,/ And e’en for change of scene would seek the shades below† (I 54-5). The word â€Å"drugged† gives a concise picture of Harold’s torpor as he floats from one locale to the other with little lucidity or any real desire for it. And the assertion that Harold would seek the underworld itself—like the hellish landscape faced by Roland, or the inner torment endured by Prufrock—merely for new scenery is effective for its shock value. Yet Byron’s claims that Harold (who might just as well have been called Byron, by the poet’s later admission) fled his home merely from an excess of pleasure are dubious at best, especially considering that this comes just after a stanza describing Harold’s (or, again , Byron’s) own lost love. Having â€Å"sigh’d to many though he lov’d but one, /And that lov’d one, alas! Could ne’er be his† (I, 39-40). In what is probably a reference to Byron’s doomed relationship with his half-sister, Augusta Leigh, Byron here reveals that Harold has certainly known something other than amusement. He has known loss, perhaps the greatest hurt of all, and it has driven him to roam the world in search of nothing. Byron’s narrator alter-ego welcomes the aimlessness of the ocean at the start of III, just before he plunges back in to the saga of Harold: Once more upon the waters! yet once more! And the waves bound beneath me as a steed That knows his rider. Welcome, to their roar! Swift be their guidance, wheresoe’er it lead! (III, 10-13)The multiple exclamation points and energetic rhythm give the lines a sense of reckless exhilaration that is perhaps natural to someone who is willing to trust his fate to the ocean’s untamed waters. Byron’s narrator has just emerged from a wistful reverie about his distant daughter, Ada (Byron’s own daughter was named Augusta Ada), in which he hopes against hope that he will see her again. Awakened very suddenly, he immediately immerses himself in the danger and uncertainty around him—almost as a kind of emboldened antidote to the private loss that he suffers. When Byron returns officially to Harold a few stanzas later, he describes the changes that Harold’s quest has wreaked on him: He, who grown aged in this world of woe, In deeds, not years, piercing the depths of life, So that no wonder waits him. (III 37-9)This is Harold’s fate, the one he chose for himself. He has â€Å"pierced† life like a warrior, but it holds no passion for him. He wanders from one end to another, caring little which one is his true final end. At heart he is nothing less than the Byronic hero—tha t emblem of Romanticism who, so wasted by life’s fierce emotion and anguish, wallows just outside it but never escapes it. Though admittedly different from Harold’s background, Childe Roland’s own past has a similarly self-destructive effect on him. Unlike Harold, Roland (whose very name, curiously, is a near-annagramic inversion of the name â€Å"Harold†) has had less than his share of pleasurewhich distinction might always have been intentional on Browning’s part. Perhaps Roland, Harold’s backwards cousin/brother, is fated to pay for the many visits to â€Å"Sin’s long labyrinth† for which Harold never atoned (I, 37). It is revealed through Roland’s inner monologue that he once formed part of a brave company, and has watched it diminish one friend at a time. The memory of his fallen comrades comes back to Roland repeatedly in this his final journey, ringing in his ears like an immutable doom—most forcefully t owards the end of the poem, when Roland faces the Dark Tower at last. Not hear? When noise was everywhere! it tolled Increasing like a bell. Names in my ears Of all the lost adventurers my peers— How such a one was strong, and such was bold, And such was fortunate, yet each of old Lost, lost! one moment knelled the woe of years. (193-8) It is important to note that we don’t know where this sound is actually coming from, or if the sound is actual at all. Roland gives no indication that a bell or anything like it is really ringing; though this is always possible, it is not clearly stated. Yet to him the idea of not hearing the noise is unfathomable, even ludicrous: â€Å"Not hear?† he says. â€Å"When noise was everywhere!† This is his defensive anticipation of a question that hasn’t been asked, and cannot be asked since he is completely alone—yet he feels instinctively that someone, somewhe re, is insulting him with the suggestion that he cannot hear this incredible sound. His vehement but unsupported explanation that â€Å"noise was everywhere!† suggests that on some level he is beyond reason. In all likelihood the noise’s origins are in Roland’s own tortured mind, where the names of his fellows resound unceasingly. He remembers only their good qualities—one was strong, another bold, and a third, bizarrely, was â€Å"fortunate;† this is strange since all of these men clearly met sad ends, to the point that Roland cannot turn to their memories for comfort anymore. At a point, earlier in the poem, when he tries to find strength in thoughts of his friends, he finds himself overwhelmed with visions of tragedy and death. â€Å"Better this present than a past like that;† he says. â€Å"Back therefore to my darkening path again!† (103-4) The fact that he later remembers some of them as â€Å"fortunate† is deeply d isturbing; one possible explanation is that, amazed by the toll of imagined bells, Roland has simply lost his wits at this point. Perhaps he decides, subconsciously or not, to revise the past—delude himself, if necessary—in order to make it bearable and find the comfort he needs at this final rallying point. Thus all the men were bold, all were strong, and all were somehow fortunate. Another rationale, perhaps even more unsettling, is that Roland is lucid when he thinks of one as fortunate—that, given the horror he now finds himself faced with, he considers him lucky who is already dead. If this is the case then his attitude at the beginning of the poem makes lamentable sense; like Harold’s narrator, who lets the ocean’s waves take him where they will, Roland has long ceased to care where his journey ends. When he is directed, at the poem’s, by a â€Å"hoary cripple† (2) whom Roland suspects of dishonesty, he follows the man†™s direction not out of trust but out of weary indifference: †¦.Yet acquiescingly I did turn as he pointed: neither pride Nor hope rekindling at the end descried, So much as gladness that some end might be. (15-18)He speaks of hope â€Å"rekindling,† evoking an image of hope as a light or flame that contrasts poignantly with the â€Å"darkening path† that he returns to later (104). Above all he wishes not for the end, but any end—or, as he puts it, â€Å"some† end. Having â€Å"so long suffered in this quest† (37), feeling old with â€Å"hope dwindled† (20-21), his sole wish now is to find the failure that found his friends—but also to feel worthy of it. With a thought that strongly anticipates J. Alfred Prufrock’s cries of â€Å"Do I dare? and, Do I dare?† (38), Roland’s ultimate worry is: â€Å"And all the doubt was now—should I be fit?† (42)The difference between Roland and Prufrock, as we will soon see, is that Roland meets his end in the hope that he is fit; Prufrock faces his still convinced that he isn’t. The fact that Roland raises his slug-horn and flings himself forward might seem anti-Victorian in its daring and boldness but for Browning, who defined himself by flaunting codes of tact, this end is exactly what we would expect. J. Alfred Prufrock doesn’t need a Dark Tower to unveil his future; that much he discovered a long time ago. The only quest he undertakes is one of memory, of regretful revising and unwishful thinking. In this case, however, it is extremely difficult to pin down precisely what in his past motivates himor, at a more basic level, to even pin down what is in his past. Time is treated very ambiguously in â€Å"The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock,† and the lines memory and imagination are often deliberately blurred. We are left to infer a life told through omission; forced to follow Prufrock’s thoughts, we necessarily dwell not on what he has done, but on what he has not. More than this, even, we look at what he could do—what he might have done (but will never do.) Thus when Prufrock asks, Would it have been worth while, To have bitten off the matter with a smile, To have squeezed the universe into a ball To roll it toward some overwhelming question To say: ‘I am Lazarus, come from the dead, Come back to tell you all, I shall tell you all’—(90-5)he in this way admits that he never did this—that he never did roll the universe into a ball, never did roll it toward some overwhelming question. And when he continues with the condition that had he done so it could only be If one, settling a pillow by her head, Should say: ‘That is not what I meant at all. That is not it, at all.’ (96-8)he confides to us his reasoning, the fears that held him back. At the same time Prufrock attempts to justify his choice†”as, indeed, the entire poem is a kind of justification—when he suggests that attacking life as he might have would in fact have been something callous, something glib and aggressive. He equates the facing of life and love with â€Å"bit[ing] off the matter with a smile†Ã¢â‚¬â€suggesting with the word â€Å"bite† a kind of casual savagery, and with â€Å"smile† an unfitting levity. The question of whether Prufrock ought to have lived life, to live life more fully—as Prince Hamlet say, and not merely â€Å"an attendant lord†Ã¢â‚¬â€is clearly one that torments him to the extreme (111-12). He holds for life a kind of reverence that perhaps only the true timids understand, because only they are willing to sacrifice their own lives for an unshattered ideal of it. So for Prufrock, whose lust for life is stronger than anyone’s but whose fear of it grows in direct correlation, biting off the matter with a smile is simultaneously somet hing he longs for and something he scoffs at. If had had been bold enough to â€Å"force the moment to its crisis,† as he says earlier, he would doubtless look on the idea differently (80). But since he is not bold enough he suggests that such boldness is somehow distasteful and generally pointless. For even if he had been bold—even if he had found his own revelation and spread it around—he feels a sneaking suspicion that someone, somewhere, would have contradicted him anyhow. Much like the imagined naysayers that Roland scorns with his â€Å"sound everywhere,† Prufrock envisages â€Å"one† who will tell him that he has been wrong—who ‘should say,/ ‘That is not it at all, /That is not what I meant, at all’† (109-110). It is easier for Prufrock to assume that any effort he made would be repulsed by someone stronger, and the fear of this disgrace is enough to keep him from trying—although deep down he know s that the fact that he needs proof is proof in itself that he can’t quite believe it. Secretly he realizes that convincing yourself is an impossible task, and the very act of trying means you cannot be convinced. In his own way, then, Prufrock is just as self-destructive as either Harold, Byron, or Roland; within the Modernist perspective, especially Eliot’s own anti-Romantic subset of it, self-destruction has by this point come to mean something different. Prufrock’s fate is his choice, but at the same time it’s the ultimate punishment. Trapped in his own private torment, like Montefeltro in the quote from Dante’s Inferno that prefaces the poem, Prufrock confesses his regret only because he knows that it will go nowhere—because just as he tries to convince only himself, he tries so to confess only to himself. â€Å"‘Do I dare?’† he asks himselfâ€Å"and, ‘Do I dare?’† (38) The answer, of course, is no; the consuming torture of his situation is that, cursed with a removed perspective on his own pain, Prufrock knows exactly what he’s suffered and exactly what he’s going to suffer. Yet he does nothing about it, because recognizing his paralysis is the only indulgence he will allow himself. Thus his love song, though full of hidden sadness that he can’t quite repress, is designed at least to be more like an anti-love song—a lost love song. It mourns emotions that it will not allow for itself. And so like Childe Harold, â€Å"grown aged in this world of woe† (III 37), and like Childe Roland, whose hope â€Å"dwindled into a ghost not fit to cope/ With that obstreperous joy success would bring† (21-2), Prufrock agesbecomes an old man who lives his whole life in a day, so that each day becomes a whole lifetime of waste. For I have known them all already, known them all— Have known the evenings, mornings, afternoons, I have measured out my life with coffee spoons, I know the voices dying with a dying fall Beneath the music from a further room. (49-53)These lines are full of repetition, repetition that trips and falls over itself to emphasize how unfairly this life has already been lived. Prufrock has â€Å"known them all,† â€Å"known them all† [much like Roland who, defiantly facing the hillsides who frame his last end, says that â€Å" I saw them and I knew them all† (202)] and it all has been measured with the mundane and minute unite of a coffee spoon. The coffee spoon evokes at once the drudgery of day to day life, and with its smallness the futility of measuring it out; it also connotes morning, just after Prufrock has actually said â€Å"mornings† in the previous line. â€Å"Dying† echoes in the fourth line like â€Å"worse† for Childe Harold, and like the fallen friends of Childe Roland—a dismal, tolling idea that cannot be rubbed out. It is under the pressure of this planned future that Prufrock feels himself aging: â€Å"I grow old†¦I grow old†¦/ I shall wear the bottoms of my trousers rolled† (120-1), again latching onto diurnal practicalities with a self-contained terror. Prufrock is like Roland, â€Å"quiet as despair† as he turns from the cripple towards the Dark Tower (43). He is like Harold, who has grown â€Å"secure in guarded coldness† (III 82), so cut off from his fellow men that he has nothing left to feel— †¦So that no wonder waits him; nor below Can love, or sorrow, fame, ambition, strife, Cut to his heart again with the keen knife Of silent, sharp endurance: he can tell Why thought seeks refuge in lone caves, yet rife With airy images, and shapes which dwell Still unimpair’d, though old, in the soul’s haunted cell (III 40-45).The last words in particular—â€Å"the soul’s haunted cell†Ã¢â‚¬â€are painfu lly accurate for Prufrock, who is unique for the fact that unlike Harold and Roland, he has nothing—and, therefore, everything—to regret. He is not haunted by a forbidden love, or a lost band of men, but by simply—nothing. One can say that he speaks of lost love, but only because it’s so overwhelmingly, thoroughly lost that it never even took place. Prufrock dreams of mermaids singing, but he cannot believe they are within his grasp. â€Å"I do not think,† he says, â€Å"that they will sing to me† (125). So while Harold rides the waves and Roland passes through the flames, Prufrock â€Å"lingers in the chambers of the sea† and ultimately drowns (129). Though each knight and each author struggles with much the same problem, it is only Byron—the first—who clearly states a solution. More similar to Harold than perhaps anybody on earth, Harold’s problems were his own; and, paradoxically, Byron solved both sets o f problems by inventing the latter. His creation of a fictional character in Harold was his great consolation and only solution; â€Å" ‘Tis to create, and in creating live†¦gaining as we give/ The life we image, even as I do now. What am I?† he says. â€Å"Nothing; but not so art thou, /Soul of my thought!† (III 46-51) In Harold he found the â€Å"One† who could soothe the worries of a restless soul, the One who lent purpose to a frustrated life: In my youth’s summer I did sing of One, The wandering outlaw of his own dark mind†¦(III, 19-20) †¦in that Tale I find The furrows of long thought, and dried-up tears, Which, ebbing, leave a sterile track behind, O’er which all heavily the journeying years Plod the last sands of life,where not a flower appears. (III, 23-7)His use of natural imagery vividly contrasts the exterior of his â€Å"youth’s summer,† like the bright â€Å"hope rekindlingâ⠂¬  (17) that Roland gave up on, with the frightening interior of â€Å"his own dark mind.† Harold came to embody Byron’s inner doubts—just as Roland’s dark path and Prufrock’s dark sadness served the same function for Browning and Eliot. The sterile track made by tears, where no flowers grow, rises before us not just in â€Å"Childe Harold† but again in â€Å"Childe Roland,† where Roland think[s] I never saw Such starved ignoble nature; nothing throve: For flowers—as well expect a cedar grove! (55-7)trapped in a landscape where hope has long died. And the One comes to us not uniquely with Harold, but also with Prufrock—who imagines â€Å"one† who, â€Å"settling a pillow by her head,/ Should say: ‘That is not what I meant at all’† (96-7). This one for Prufrock, this â€Å"wandering outlaw of his own dark mind† (III, 19-20), is as much a curse as a comfort—taunting his am bition before he acts on itbut in either case it displays to us the vital importance, for all writers, in creating a person outside of themselves to endow with the worry that they cannot live with. If the great quest at hand is to corner despair, to live with regret and to conquer self-doubt, for these writers the answer was very simple: if you’re no knight yourself you can always create one, to keep on with fighting once you’ve finished writing. And even if these knights do not win their battles, their presence—for authors—marks a quest fulfilled.

Government Surveillance Protection vs. Privacy Essay...

According to NATO, North American Treaty Organization, the three duties of a government are, to Protect, Preserve, and Provide for the nation that it governs. However it is not all so simple, in order to protect the country, it has to be on guard, watching for threats and dealing with them accordingly. In my reading of the following texts my ideas concerning governments using their power to fulfill their duty to protect while also maintaining the privacy of the people. Waiting for the Barbarians, written by J.M. Coetzee, focuses on a nameless empire, which at the furthest reaches of its borders has the seemingly benign threat of barbarian attack. Following that is â€Å"In the Penal Colony† by Franz Kafka, looks at a penal society which has†¦show more content†¦This is another extreme case of protection where people must fear being taken into custody and put to death for their crime with no if ands or buts. Although I do not condone this I cannot dispute that it is ef fective in doing what it intends, which is to eliminate the wrong-doers from society. However with the shift in power, the new commandant recognizes that the old regime was not ideal. So the new commandant letting the old regime fall, makes way for a new regime that promotes more privacy for the citizen. â€Å"Panopticism† is similar in that one of the purposes of a panopticon is to remove lawbreakers from society, but different in that it is a less deadly approach. Michel Foucault looks at the design of Jeremy Bentham’s Panopticon and talks about how it can be utilized to suite almost any purpose. â€Å"The Panopticon is a marvelous machine which, whatever use one may wish to put it to, produces homogeneous effects of power.† (Foucault 202). A Panopticon is a circular building with a tower that goes from the ground to the top directly in the center. From that center building a minimal amount of people can watch over the entire building because the rooms are des igned to be seen into, but not seen out of. So the occupant will never know if they are being watched. Foucault takes it further to go into detail in its uses. Starting with the obvious use, a prison, aShow MoreRelatedProtection Vs. Privacy : The Government s Use Of Surveillance1252 Words   |  6 PagesProtection vs. Privacy: The Government’s Use of Surveillance Since the industrial revolution, society has continued to grow larger, and more interconnected than ever before. Aiding in this process has been the advancement of technology and ideas. With the extensive advancement of technology, an equally sizable debate on its ethical implications has developed. In recent years an ethical dilemma has arose pertaining to the use of government surveillance. While the increased surveillance of citizensRead MorePersonal Data Privacy . Frame Analysis And Advocacy Field1686 Words   |  7 PagesPersonal Data Privacy Frame Analysis and Advocacy Field Guide This framing analysis includes 10 recent print news articles that address personal data privacy. The 5 dominant frames identified include: unauthorized data collection and misuse, commercial application of personal data, civil liberties (personal data in the legal system), data protection, and innovation. There were Pro and Con arguments present for each frame with the exception of the last, no Con arguments were present for the innovationRead MoreThe Importance Of Personal Information And How People Feel About It1613 Words   |  7 Pagesthefts use others’ credit cards to cause personal financial loss. It is important to have control and protect personal informations Consumer Privacy Protection Act of 2015 was to protect privacy and sensitive personal information against security breaches, frauds, and misuse of personal information. (Congress 2015). This act ensures the protection of privacy from other individuals so that people have control of their own informations. For many tech companies that offer online services, people haveRead MoreThe Definition For Agents Of Foreign Powers1640 Words   |  7 Pagesestablished connections or affiliations with foreign powers (Bloom and Dunn, 2006). Subsequently, in 2002 an amendment authorized the US Attorney General to conduct warrantless surveillance based on national security interests. The expansion of powers and degradation of Fourth Amendment protections for electronic surveillance were deliberate and put in place under the promise of thwarting terrorist attacks in the United States (Bloom and Dunn, 2006). Citizens traded personal liberties for nationalRead MoreWhat Violates The Fourth Amendment?1194 Words   |  5 Pagespolice action. The case of United States vs. Jacobsen states that â€Å"A seizure of property occurs when the government meaningfully interferes with a person’s possessory interest.† With this great debate in effect, a theory was introduced called the â€Å"mosaic theory†. This theory states that searches can be evaluated as a common sequence of steps rather than as individual searches. Police actions are evaluated over time as a collective mosaic of surveillance. This can count as a common Fourth AmendmentRead MorePrivacy Is The Freedom From Interference1106 Words   |  5 PagesPrivacy and Technology Introduction Privacy is the freedom from interference. It is a state of being free from public attention, and being watched or disturbed by other individuals. Every individual deserves to have the right to privacy, but the question is to what extent and at what state is considered an invasion of privacy. Information privacy is the right to control over one’s personal information, how it is collected and used. Many believe that people have to relinquish their privacy for safetyRead MorePrivacy Is More Important? Privacy Or National Security?1278 Words   |  6 Pagesimportant? Privacy or national security? The problem with the privacy is that people do not feel they have enough of it and national security is increasing causing the government to be less worried about the people. National security is growing out of control which has led to the decrease in people’s privacy and has created fear in the eyes of U.S. citizens. â€Å"Twelve years after the terrorist attacks of Sept. 11, 20 01, and amid a summer of revelations about the extent of the surveillance state builtRead MorePrivacy Is A Vulnerable Condition At The Present Time Essay1248 Words   |  5 PagesThere is no doubt that out of all history, privacy is at its most vulnerable condition at the present time. Ironically, to secure the whole, individual safety is becoming harmed. The government and businesses are infringing individual privacy in order to protect their society. In effect, balancing between privacy and security has continuously been one of twenty-first century’s biggest controversial issues and everyone has their own views about where to value more. Throughout the essay, using variousRead More We Must Regain Our Lost Civil Liberties Essay1450 Words   |  6 Pagesbeen seen before in our country. Patriots quickly came together, supporting the president to pass legislation, known as the USA Patriot Act, to tackle internal and external threats to this nation. The debate ensued, focuse d on which types of surveillance technology should or shouldnt be allowed for arresting terrorists. However, the question remains as to how these devices are going to be used, and how personally are those who use them held accountable. The purpose of this paper is to confirmRead MoreMeta Data Surveillance Essay884 Words   |  4 Pagesand British governments are executing large scale monitoring of the communication within and outside of their countries. Studies found that there are implications with the effectiveness of the counter terrorist programs in the collection of Meta data which governments claim are necessary for national security. In January 2014, the mass collection of Meta data has shown minimal value of preventing terrorism, after being aware of zero instances that the collection of Meta data contributed to the

Learns And Experience New Things - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 4 Words: 1244 Downloads: 5 Date added: 2019/10/30 Category Society Essay Level High school Tags: Teenage Drinking Essay Did you like this example? Exposure is how everyone learns and experience new things, You cant make up your mind on something when youve never seen, heard, smelled, or touched something. The exposure to a new thing opens your eyes more and more and gives you more of an understanding of things and where you stand as far as what is done with such things. That is why i believe a good solution is to lowering the drinking age. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Learns And Experience New Things" essay for you Create order The two ideas I am proposing, one is to lower the drinking age to 18, and give the option for adults to supervise their teen if they are between the age of 16 18 if they wish to allow their child to drink. Doing this would give teens a good amount of exposure to what drinking is like and how they feel about it. One way or another teens will do what they want, and that includes drinking underage. If the law was changed teens all over could stop hiding all of their belongings and it would bring an enormous amount of relief from all parties now that there is no legal risk. This would also give the protection of teens because the adult can watch and make sure nothing goes wrong, where as most teens have to hide it and also risk doing something stupid that they shouldnt have done that could cost their life or someone elses. In the survey me and my partners made 65 out of 100 teen in between 9-12 grade said that they have drank or still do. 24 of the 65 were seniors meaning that about a third of the group that drinks. An overwhelming amount of teens drink even though it is illegal. According to the National Center on Addiction and Substance Abuse, underage drinking accounts for 17.5% ($22.5 billion) of consumer spending for alcohol in the United States. The 2016 National Survey on Drug Use and Health reports that 24.8% of youth aged 14 or 15, 46.7% aged 16 or 17, and 68.3% aged 18 to 20, drink alcohol. This just goes to show that teens are going to do it regardless of the law. My parents, their friends and Officer Paguli all thought that my proposal was reasonable and could possibly work. So taking my proposal could make this action by teens legal and allow an adult to supervise their actions. To test this proposal we can go to a couple different counties and cities and change the law to our proposal. If we give it about 10 to 15 years it would give the law time to change fully settle and show how much can be done. After the 10 to 15 years I expect to see that the alcohol has found its spot just like cigarettes did. Where there is a select group that binge drin ks at a consistent rate, and then there is the rest that rarely do it if at all. A huge draw back of this proposal is that right after this law is introduced their will be an extremely large amount of teens drinking for the first time and way more often than others. There is also a higher probability of teens making stupid decisions such as breaking stuff or drinking and driving. In the United States, 31% of road traffic deaths involve alcohol. This percentage is higher than many countries with a drinking age lower than 21 such as France (29%), Great Britain (16%), Germany (9%), China (4%), and Israel (3%). Although the United States increased the MLDA to 21 in 1984, its rate of traffic accidents and fatalities in the 1980s decreased less than that of European countries whose legal drinking ages are lower than 21. None of these things are good but the statistics show that have the countries with lower drinking ages have lower accident rates than the US which has a legal drinking age of 21. No Matter what the legal drinking age is it does not protect people from who want to drink and drive. If they are going to drink and drive they are going to do it no matter what the legal age is so having it at 18 or 21 doesnt matter. The law does not protect other people from drinking and driving. I believe this would only be a temporary issue that would only last a few years and once we get into the later years of the testing things will smooth out. Federal law would give the states the option to support or not support this law. Federal law would ensure that all states follow this law and it will make it easier to keep track of the the progress of all the people. My solution would be the one that works because I am surrounded by my peers, I know how they feel about drinking and i understand how they feel about the current laws and how they would do it differently. If the legal age was lowered, More people would legally be able to drink in bars, restaurants, and other licensed establishments. Revenue would increase for private business owners, and greater amounts of tax revenue would be collected by the government. My peers want to drink and they want to party and this proposal would do exactly what they needed it to do. It gives them full control over the alcohol and gives everybody a chance to try without having to worry about getting in trouble. Normalizing alcohol consumption as something done responsibly in moderation will make drinking alcohol less of a taboo for young adults entering college and the workforce. This would also lead to safer and regulated alcohol consumption instead of binge drinking and hiding it because it is illegal. In my interview with Officer Pigula i asked him questions about teen drinking. He believes that the law is good where it is right now, but he would not be opposed to the law being changed to that. Im comfortable with where it is right now, but i would not be opposed to it being changed to 18. Even though the law did not go along with the idea with adult supervision over teens while they drink. Officer Pigula said that theoretically he agrees with letting a legal guardian or parent supervise teens drinking alcohol, but criminally it is illegal and if he had to deal with a case of teen drinking his hands are tied and wouldnt be able to help them. I also asked Officer Pigula what he thought about the effects of alcohol, or have a effect on you if you drink at a younger age. I dont think drinking itself will have a negative effect, but posting pictures and videos of it could. As a teen when i do something illegal i want to keep it between as few people as possible and id think that my peers feel the same so taking videos or pictures is almost out of the question to me. When you turn 18 your whole life changes, you are allowed to do so much more that you werent before. You are seen as a legal adult at the age of 18 but alcohol is the one exception for things you can do once your 18. You can enroll in the military and risk your life to keep our country safe but you arent allowed to have any form of alcohol. You are allowed to vote for who will run the country, but youre not allowed to crack a cold one with the boys. You can even buy cigarettes at 18 something that has been proven to cause several different types of cancer and do serious damage to a humans body.

Writing Guide on Essay about Advertisement Analysis

Got an essay on advertising? You should be 100% satisfied with the task because advertising nowadays plays an important role in our life. It is always there on the radio/TV programs, the sides of sky-scrapers and more often than not it seems to be the main function on the web. Every year more than $400 billion is spent on various types of advertising! Impressive? Make sure to mention it when writing an essay on advertisement! How about developing your advertising essay writing on the basis of history? You will be surprised to find out that ad history is rooted deep into the Roman era. At that time advertisement played a crucial role. Just remember that commercial and political materials have been bound by the archaeologists in ancient Pompeii. Moreover, scientists successfully discovered antique Egyptian posters used by ancient people as advertisements. Taking into consideration all these history artefacts, it’s no wonder that ad is one of the most discussed subjects and one of the most popular topics for the essays among college and university students. So, what is the most winning way to go about it? Advertising Essay Writing: Introduce the Service/Product It does not really matter if you are writing about a certain brand of a pasta souse, an insurance agency, a political party or anything else. Composing an essay about advertisement, always assume that none of your readers has ever heard about the brand you examining. Make certain to provide a brief history excursion, a short description (and, if possible, in what way it compares with a number of competitors) and of course the key principle of its market share. Essay on Advertising: Who is the Product/Services that Is Being Discussed Aimed at? It is impossible to create and develop an ad that will satisfy every potential client, unless you are trying to sell a huge bouquet of US dollars that grows every single say. In other words, every advertisement has its target customers and you have to keep that in your mind when writing an essay-analysis. The target audience will form the advertisement style, which can be used in order to develop the target audience. For instance, an advert that uses loud hip-hop tunes and bright colours is definitely aimed at high school teenagers; an advert that is about successful men in black outfits with Swiss watches will be the most suitable for the company owners. Estimate How Popular This or That Ad Has Been It is one of the most difficult tasks. Previously, as a rule, it was a matter of researching on how many individuals bought this or that newspaper that included the advertisement (or sat in front of TV when the movie/program was interrupted by the advert) and finding out the % of attention. Nowadays, having round-the-clock internet connection you can track the product you’re writing about way easier! Surf Facebook, MySpace, YouTube or any other social network to see how often the ad has been viewed. Moreover, it is recommended to research the history of the adverts that are alike together with brand-new media.

Arabian Challenge - 4526 Words

MTV NETWORKS: THE ARABIAN CHALLENGE MTV Networks (MTVN) was launched MTV Arabia on November17, 2007 partnership with Arabian Television Network (ATN) as part of their strategy to extend their network over the world including in Middle East. General Manager of MTV Arabia, Patrick Samaha (Samaha) have to ensure their strategy which is to ensure the programs won over the hearts of the Arabs and adhered to local taste and culture without diluting MTV global brand. Timeline / Background of MTVN 1977 - Nickelodeon was part of MTV Networks is the earliest primarily channel and keeping the children as their target. 1981 - MTV was launched on August 1, promoted by Warner Amex Satellite Company, a joint venture between Warner†¦show more content†¦At the root of Arab culture is a religious, highly masculine, high context, polychronic atmosphere that affects all things from what is done on a daily basis to what is watched in movies and listened to on the radio. MTV Arabia will experience the following issues with Arab culture: †¢ MTVs own international culture is one that is quite western. Arabs do not simply classify western as American—Western is west of Arabia, including Europe in addition to America. For this reason MTV will need to reshape its cultural appeal and, as it has already done, include a vast majority of strictly Arab shows rather than European or American shows. †¢ MTV Arabia will need to match the Arab culture in its personal approach and need to reach the people where they are. They will not simply flock to the channel. Going to schools and shopping centers to raise awareness is huge. Due to the level of personal focus of the Arab people, MTV will also need to include itself in social programs and focusing on social problems. Several expected to pose a challenge to MTV, which included:- 1. Middle Easterners did not like Americans and Invasion of Iraq 2. Music is difference between Middle East and Western 3. Over 50 competing local music channels 4. Challenges of content 5. 65% population is youth 6. Adapt and modify content of sexually explicit and provocative programmes 7. Tradition strategy byShow MoreRelatedMtv Networks: the Arabian Challenge1338 Words   |  6 PagesMTV Networks: The Arabian Challenge 1. Question 1 Experts felt that one of the biggest challenges faced by MTV while launching MTV Arabia was the prevalent culture in the Arab world. Discuss the Arab culture. How is it expected to pose a challenge to MTV? First of all, it is impossible to talk about groups of people without generalizing. At this point it must be emphasized that there is not just â€Å"one† Arab culture or society. The Arab world is full of rich and diverse communities, groupsRead MoreMtv Networks: the Arabian Challenge4307 Words   |  18 PagesICMR Case Collection Co p y Icfai Center for Management Research MTV Networks: The Arabian Challenge o D . N ot BSTR294 - Teaching Note ï›™ 2009, Icfai Center for Management Research. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, used in a spreadsheet, or transmitted in any form or by any means- electronic or mechanical, without permission. To order copies, call +91-40-2343-0462/63 or write to Icfai Center for ManagementRead MoreMtv Arabian Challenge7403 Words   |  30 PagesBSTR/294 ICMR Center for Management Research MTV Networks: The Arabian Challenge This case was written by Debapratim Purkayastha, ICMR Center for Management Research. It was compiled from published sources, and is intended to be used as a basis for class discussion rather than to illustrate either effective or ineffective handling of a management situation. For use by students of Icfai Flexible Learning programs. 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Columbus vs Smith Free Essays

John Smith, and William Bradford had many stories to tell during their explorations of the new world. Their depictions of the new world were seemingly different and each explorer possessed an ego that worked both as a strength and as a weakness to their determination of exploration. Each explorer seemed to use hyperbole and embellishment to glorify their own accomplishments. We will write a custom essay sample on Columbus vs Smith or any similar topic only for you Order Now Columbus’ letters emotionally differ from the first to the fourth letter in almost a usually depressing manner. His first letter shows an explorer filled with an emotional high seeking to gain riches and fame, describing each illustrious detail of his experience as elaborate as possible. Words that seem to sell the newly discovered lands in such a depiction that would make his fame and rewards seem inevitable. This description is far different than his last letter which his words show an aged explorer seeking to save his reputation and seeking to Just ride away in the unset and live peacefully for the remainder of his life. It seems that he is taking a polite path in which to illustrate to the Monarchs the sacrifices that were made and the lives lost to achieve the goals of seeking the new world. William Bradford writings illustrated a separatist group of great faith and determination to seek new land free from religious persecution. It is apparent that his writings show the strength of the pilgrims’ faith thru despair and perils. He seems to have an underlying motive that speaks of strong faith amongst his fellow pilgrims that depicts a picture of their key to survival, a sentiment that would have flown in the face of the Church of England. Based on John Smith’s writings, he had somewhat of a different Interpretation and description of his new found experiences. The words he chose to describe the new world seemed to be as Illustrious as the others except when describing Native Americans. His writings of his exploration experiences seemed to have a motive of power and monetary gain. How to cite Columbus vs Smith, Papers

Do Leaders Cause Wars free essay sample

This paper examines the political climate vs. major actors in wars. This paper argues that it is the political climate of the area and time period that causes wars and acts to happen, not the leaders. The original theory, that fanatical leaders cause wars, does have its points. If Gandhi had been ruling Germany after WWI instead of Hitler, would we have had WWII? If FDR hadnt died, would the Cold War have happened? Who knows? The group feeling of the people would still have been there. The masses have the power to generate action, not solely the leaders. Germany was stripped of everything through the Versailles treaty, and Hitler just gave the people a reason to live again?. a reason to be proud of themselves as a people. The Cold War may still have happened no matter who was president, just due to the Red Scare. The communist paranoia of the US political climate prompted movies that I saw as a little girl such as The Russians Are Coming, The Russians Are Coming!

Business Report for Hungry Jacks Franchise in Australia vs. India

Question: The hungry jacks franchise wants to launch in India ( mumbai ). Discuss and compare the differences in business models in Australia and India? Answer: Introduction Due to globalization, many successful companies are now considering the thought of carrying out the operational activities on a foreign land. This is done by selecting the best and suitable entry mode, through which the intending company can easily carry out the operational activities on a foreign market. This report highlights the required and essential business strategies that need to be considered at the time of drafting plans for carrying out international business. Investment is one of the biggest criterias that needs to be analysed, at the time of planning for an international business. Through effective planning strategies, the company can reduce any sort of probabilities that can affect the performance of the operational activities. This report has been prepared for Hungarys Jack that has proposed to offer franchise in India. At the time of proposing the plan, the company intends to analyse the cultural differences and other challenges that can affect the sales of the food it ems that is sold to the clients. In the similar manner, analysis has to be done for evaluating the political challenges that can directly impact the sales. Such an analysis will help in drafting the best policies that would cater the needs of the clients and the company (Beamish, and Kachra, 2004). About the company Hungry Jack is a private limited company that is located in Australia. The company specialises in fast food and is the franchise of the Burger King. Hungry Jack serves one of the finest and quality burgers to the clients from different parts of the country in Australia. In order to extend the business operational activities, the company offers licenses to new operators from the local and international market. In this process, the company ensures to evaluate the quality of the food that has been proposed to be sold by the franchise companies. At present, the company has more 300 locations that have been successfully catering the needs of the clients. Management of the company has proposed to offer new fast food stores in India. For this, the company has proposed to offer franchise to some of the potential companies in India. In order to do so, the management has evaluated the investment process and the method through which the business activities would be carried out. India is one of the fastest developing countries. Stable economic condition of the country and willingness of people to taste different types of foods has been one of the reasons for selecting India for business expansion purposes. (Goldman, 2007) Business culture in India India is one of the developing countries, where customers enjoy the highest purchasing power parity or PPP. The business culture and the process that has to be followed for negotiating purposes have to be considered. This is one of the most important aspects, through which the companies can set right the expectations and agree to carry on with the business activities in the decided manner. Hierarchy plays an important role in the business culture. The roles of the managers and others are well defined. This has to be analysed at the time of arranging meetings with the delegates. Business decisions are taken by the top authorities, and by the delegates who have been authorised to do so. At the time of doing business with any Indian company, it is necessary to draft strategies for building long term and positive relationship. This is a part of the business culture. At the time of presenting lucrative offers, it is essential to involve trust factor as this will help in negotiating with t he deal. In other words, a good working deal or relationship has to be developed and implemented. (Voreacos, 2011) Negotiation is a term that is used for arriving at a common agreement that would benefit both the parties. Business dealings with Indian companies can be slower than expected; in case there are no trust involved in it. As the important business decisions are made by the top authorities, it is recommended to check for their presence. Many companies in India merely dont enter into business agreement based on the statistical reports or empirical data. The authorities make use instinct and faith for analysing the benefits associated with the offer. Also, it is suggested to avoid tactics that is related to high pressure. This can affect the process of negotiation. It is recommended to be prepared for handling the criticism and disagreements, as this is a part of the conversation (Brouthers, Brouthers, Werner, 2000). Delegates of the Indian company would always prefer to follow the formal method for negotiating the business terms. It includes formal handshake, addressing the party with the title of Mr and others. This is one of the most important parts of the cultural factors that have to be considered at the time of planning for business operations. The contract details are expected to be discussed in an elaborated manner. This is done to remove any sort of ambiguity that can affect the business performance. Apart from this, the people usually choose English to the medium for communication. The professionals are quite often formal and humble for carrying out the discussion. Different factors that are included in the contract details are discussed in details. This is done to minimise any sort of confusion that can delay the decision making process (Brouthers, and Bamossy, 2006). Political and economy situation of the country Since 1991, the government authorities of the country have been drafting and implementing different strategies to improve the economic condition. In this process, many rules related to international trading activities were regularised. This was done to attract many foreign investors into the country. Apart from this, the country has been successful in improving the infrastructure condition, which is one of the most important aspects for foreign investments. The roadways have been properly linked with the waterways as this would felicitate quick transportation. Such a change in fact improved the foreign investment, which increased the earning rates for the educated employees of the country. Due to improvement in the education quality, many qualified individuals could easily find the best jobs that would pay well. This increased the savings rate for the individuals. Buyers of different age groups are now interested in buying products that were sold by the international companies. This has been one of the prominent reasons for Hungry Jack for proposing to open a new store in India. The young crowd are quite fascinated by fast food, which includes burgers and pizzas. Apart from this, the other benefits that can be associated with the business operations in India includes Easy availability of labour (Bryman Bell, 2003). Low rate for business set-up, which is required for controlling the operational expenses. Willingness of the customers to buy new and better products. The economics of the country has been view favourably by countries that intends to increase the profit margin without increasing upon the operational expenses. Apart from this, the country offers wide market for new eatable products. Besides this the companies can easily expand the business operations by adopting the strategies that has been drafted by the authorities of the country. The rules for international investment were de-regularised with an intention of attracting maximum number of foreign investors. Through this process, the authorities had proposed to increase the employment ration, which has always been a concern for the authorities. Such process was followed to enable the country and the people to cope with the challenges that were related to development. The process for registration or opening a new firm or company in the country was made simple. Some of the changes that were implemented in the process were Quick availability of information through online method Less paper works, which had implied the process for registration a new company in the country? (Canabal, and White, 2008). Regularising the taxation process, which was one of the biggest concerns for the companies that had intended to trade with the country? Regularising different markets, which was considered to be essential for attracting new investors from various markets? Following a transparent system for sharing information with the foreign company India is one of the highly populated countries in the world, and this again makes it a favourable choice for many countries that intends to expand the business operations. (Rava, 2011) Political parties There are many political parties that exist in the country. However the parties intend to implement strategies through which the developmental plan for the nation can be implemented. The rules that would attract the attention of international investors are analysed by the ruling and opposition parties. This is done to arrive at a consensus, which is required for implementing the plan through which the required changes for business development can be introduced (Chen, 2007). The parties ensure to introduce plans that would - Improve the transportation system within the country Introduce changes that are required for improving the telecommunication system Analyse the challenges that exists with the current rules that has been drafted for implementing changes for attracting the international investors. Changes with the rules Some of the changes that has been introduced by the federal authorities are 1. Introduce effective rules for improving the labour laws 2. Control the inflation rates, which can directly impact the performance of the foreign companies 3. Analyse the challenges that can impact the performance of the companies, and introduce an effective strategy through which the issue can be overpowered. Business system Hungry Jack is one of the leading fast food companies that have been successfully rendering quality services to the clients in Australia. The management of the company intends to develop strategies through which the preferences of the Indian clients can be analysed and catered. Changes has been proposed after analysing the below mentioned factors Labour market Available resources that includes skilful labs and infrastructure Feasibility of the rules that would encourage the foreign investors to carry on with the business activities Apart from this, the challenges associated with the policies related to business activities have always been analysed. This has been done to analyse the challenges that can restrict the performance of the company. Some of the aspects that are analysed in this process are leadership style and the management process that needs to be adopted for attracting the clients (Child, 2006). Leadership style In India, the business plans can be improved and the targets can be accomplished through effective leadership style that has been adopted by the managers. The managers are vested with additional responsibilities, through which the staffs can be encouraged to perform better at the workplace. Participative style is the best type of the leadership style through which the managers can encourage the staffs to perform well at the workplace. Through this process, it is possible for the managers to motivate the staffs to improve the productivity for the company. This would also reduce the possibility of the project failure, which can affect the performance of the organization. An attempt needs to be made for increasing the quality of the services that has been proposed to be rendered to the clients (Child, Tse., 2001). HRM policies The labour law in India has been quite often reviewed and regularised. This has been done to ensure that the staffs are provided with better opportunities to work and earn at the workplace. HRM policies have to be drafted and implemented in the right manner. This also includes adopting the best practices through which the members would be encouraged to work better at the workplace. Cultural practices followed in Australia are quite different when compared to India. This is one of the reasons, the company needs to analyse the challenges that are related to human resource management in the country and draft the best policy that will cater the needs. It is quite important to have an effective communication system, through which the changes intended to be implemented can be interacted with the staffs and others. Best practices include adopting the best strategies that would enable the company to make the best use of the resources and knowledge that is required for increasing the producti vity (Clegg, Kornberger, and Pitsis, 2008). Introducing the best change management system The success of the company depends upon the strategies adopted for the change management system. In this process, the principles related to the change management system can be analysed. The changes need to be implemented for improving the quality of the production and attracting many clients. Apart from this, there are many fast food chain restaurants that have been carrying out the operational activities in the country. In this process, the cultural factors and other things have been also analysed. The management of the company has proposed to introduce innovative methods for carrying out the order processing method. This also includes collecting information from the clients regarding the quality of food and services that has been rendered to the clients. Cultural factors and beliefs of the potential customers have to be closely reviewed as this will help the management in adopting the best strategies that will enable the company to attract and retain maximum number of clients. This process has to be also analysed for analysing the innovative strategies that needs to be adopted and implemented by the company. It is a lengthy process, and the steps involved in the same have to be analysed. This will help the management to adopt the best strategies to increase the sales. Strategies that has been proposed to be adopted by the company needs to be communicated with different members, as this will help in analysing the expected challenges that can impact the process of execution (Demirbaga, Glaister, and Tatoglu, 2007). By analysing such factors, the authorities can make the right decision regarding the implementation program for the business development on a foreign land. There has to be back-up plan that needs to be used upon, when the company intends to introduce new strategies. Finance system It is quite important to analyse the finance system that exists in India. This will help in drafting the best policies through which the funds can be raised by the companies for business expansion. The RBI or the reserve bank of India is known to be the apex bank of the country. Authorities of this country make decisions related to regulations of the foreign investment and other factors that are essential for the improving the performance of the international companies. Some of the decisions that are made by RBI include - Determining the interest rates Regulating policies for promoting international trading activities Drafting policies for living taxes or collecting taxes from foreign investments Ensure the right amount has been remitted to the clients (Filatotchev et al., 2007). The fluctuations in the foreign exchange rates are analysed, and this has been done to check upon the benefits that the company would derive. Rules are simplified as this will help in regulating the policies that is required for introducing the changes that will attract foreign investors into the country. The purpose for analysing the rules is to check the different factors that can affect the proposal for foreign investment into the country. There are many nationalised banks that functions as per the rules that has been drafted by the apex banks. In this process, the changes that are intended to be introduced by the company is drafted and communicated with the concerned teams or banks (Ferraro and Briody, 2012). Australia also has an apex bank, which is known as Reserve bank of Australia. The bank was formed in 1960, and since then has been working towards drafting better policies that are meant to improve the performance of financial sectors of the country. Reserve bank of Australia performs different tasks that include issuing currency notes, analysing the transactions between different banks, and other factors. Such things are quite important as this helps in drafting the best possible policies through which the financial sectors can be improved. Some of the other tasks that are performed by the bank include Controlling the movements of money (Forsgren , 2008) Draft the best policies for banking The tasks performed by the apex banks of both the countries are quite similar. This would help the management in drafting the best policy through which the required changes can be implemented by the company for improving the business performance. Law differences The law system followed in Australia is quite strict when compared to the policies that are followed in India. However there are many rules that have been imposed by the Indian government on foreign companies that intends to carry on with the business activities in the country. In India, the policies has been drafted and implemented with an intention of improving the performance of the company. The company law has been amended with an intention of introducing changes through which the management will be encouraged to follow the right strategies for improving the operational activities. Also the rules are reviewed so as to ensure that the company follows transparent method for carrying out the operational activities. It is essential to enter into legal contracts, as this will encourage the parties to follow the best practices that will benefit the companies and the people. In this method, the companies will also have to include RBI and the policies drafted by the bank needs to be foll owed. The law specifies the steps that needs to be followed for Transferring funds out of the country Tax payment (Gaspar, 2014) Declaration of tax and conducting audits Any deviations in the process need to be informed to the concerned authorities. This will help in analysing the performance of the company in India. Also, through such imposition the authorities intend to minimise any sort of illegal practices that can affect the performance of the company. Australia also follows the right process to ensure that the companies do the right thing for carrying out business on a foreign land. In this method, the rules clearly define the steps that have to be followed for venturing with a foreign company. This is done to ensure that the companies declare the profit and earnings in the described manner. Also, the company is expected to share the right type of information with the federal authorities and others who are associated with the organization. Ethical practices In the ethical practices, the companies are expected to follow the right information sharing method through which the production activities can be improved. Ethical practise include Sharing the right type of information Analysing the changes that can affect the performance of the company Develop values through which the challenges related to customer satisfaction and rendering quality services is analysed. The ethical practise followed in both the countries are almost the same? In this process, an attempt is made to ensure that the right steps are followed for improving the information and other important details of the company. In this process, it is necessary to share the right details with the clients and the authorities. Also, the customer services are one of the biggest concerns for the authorities. In this process, the management attempts to adopt the best strategies through which the best services can be rendered to the clients (Hanif, 2011). Conclusion It is quite important to adopt and implement the right type of strategies through which the company can venture into foreign land. Indian market has been viewed to be one of the fastest developing countries with stable economic condition. The strategies need to be adopted after analysing the challenges that are involved in the process of venturing into foreign market. In this method, the law and the process that needs to be followed by the management of the company for implementing the required changes. The rules differ from one country to another, and the same needs to be analysed before introducing the changes related to venturing into foreign market. References Beamish P, and Kachra A, 2004. Number of Partners and JV Performance". Journal of World Business. 39. Pp. 107-12. Brouthers L, Brouthers K, Werner S, 2000. Perceived environmental uncertainty, entry mode choice and satisfaction with EC-MNC performance. British Journal of Management, 11, 183195. Brouthers K, and Bamossy G, 2006. Post-formation Processes in Eastern and Western European Joint Ventures. Journal of Management Studies, Vol. 43, No. 2, pp. 203-229. Bryman A Bell E, 2003. Business Research Methods, Oxford: Oxford University Press. Canabal A, and White G, 2008. Entry mode research: Past and future. International Business Review 17: 267-284. Chen R, 2007. The strategic Management of Government Affairs in China: How multinational Corporations in China interact with the Chinese Government. University of Macau,Journal of public relations research, 19(3),283-306 Child N, 2006. Lessons from a global retailer: An interview with the president of Carrefour China, Mckinsey company. Child, John Tse. D, 2001. China's Transition and its Implications for International Business. Journal of international business studies , 32, 1 (FIRST QUARTER 2001): 5-21 Clegg S, Kornberger M, and Pitsis T, 2008. Managing and Organisations, Sage, Los Angeles. S3- 4R4 Demirbaga M, Glaister K, and Tatoglu E, 2007. 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BRICS and Beyond, The Goldman Sachs Group, Inc., 2007,https://www2.goldmansachs.com/ideas/brics/book/BRIC-Full.pdf Gregory P, and Stuart R, 2014. The Global Economy and Its Economic Systems, South-Western Cengage Learning. Chapter 2: Definition and Classification of Economic Systems. (Session 2) S2R1 Hanif M, 2011. Differences and Similarities in Islamic and Conventional Banking, International Journal of Business and Social Science Vol. 2 No. 2, pp. 166-175. (Sessions 5 and 6) S5-6R1 Hayes D, 2006. DHL poised for rapid China air express shipment expansion. CILT world in focus, Logistics Transport Focus. Luthans F, 2002. The need for and meaning of positive organizational behavior. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 23, 695-706. Maner J, and Mead N, 2009. The essential tension between leadership and power: When leaders sacrifice group goals for the sake of self-interest. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 99 (3), 482-497. McFadden K, Henagan S, Gowen C, 2009. 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HSBC Said to be British Bank Involved in U.S. Tax Conspiracy Indictment, Bloomberg.com, Jan. 27, 2011,https://www.bloomberg.com/news/2011-01-26/hsbc-said-to-be-u-k-bank-involved-in-u-s-tax-conspiracy-case.html Walumbwa F, Avolio B, Gardner L, Wernsing S, and Peterson S, 2008. Authentic leadership: Development and validation of a theory-based measure. Journal of Management, 34, 89-126.